The Arctic wolf (Canis lupus arctos), also known as the tundra, white or polar wolf, is a subspecies of grey wolf native to Canada's High Arctic tundra. Tundra wolves are considered to be a sub-species of the grey wolf. The animal gets its name from its habitat, which covers several regions of the high Arctic. Social animals that live in packs of 5 to 7, or even up to 20, Arctic wolves survive in icy areas with average temperatures of minus 30 degrees Celsius because they have adaptations like distinct layers of fur, snouts, shorter legs, and smaller ears to keep them warmer and insulated from the extreme cold. The male pack leaders mate with the dominant female and are monogamous. Arctic wolves feed primarily on a diet of Arctic hares and muskoxen and sometimes prey on Arctic foxes, beetles, lemmings, birds, and caribou. Arctic wolves are vulnerable to predation by polar bears.
