Gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) are the fastest underwater swimmers of all 17 penguin species, reaching speeds up to 36 km/h (22 mph). Identified by a bright orange-red bill and a white "bonnet" stripe across their head, these charismatic, medium-sized birds are known for their distinct personalities. The third largest penguin, after the emperor and king, Gentoo penguins are found on the Antarctic Peninsula, Subantarctic islands, southern continental coasts and islands, and several South Atlantic islands. They are known for building pebble nests in breeding season – it is common for males to collect pebbles in their beaks to then give to females in exchange for favours. Gentoo penguins are a member of the brush-tailed penguin family – the Latin name for Gentoo penguins is Pygoscelis papua which means brush-tailed. The origin of the name Gentoo is unknown.
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